Implement helper method to get char* buffer from Python objects (#25895)

* removed extra layer; using get_string_data now

* fix problem with const char* value, that return PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize in Python3.7 case; added docstring to get_string_data func

* fix code style

* replaced get_c_string to get_string_data, added 'note' paragraph in get_string_data docstring

* Re-instate raising TypeError when trying to get string data of non-string object

* test case for overflow in parse_iso_8601_datetime

* change get_string_data signature to more pythonic

* Added test for parsing leading spaces

* Rework get_string_data to cleaner get_c_string_buf_and_size

* Fix Python 3.7 compilation

* added comment for test; changed name variable: s -> py_string

Author: vnlitvinov

pandas/_libs/hashtable_class_helper.pxi.in

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ WARNING: DO NOT edit .pxi FILE directly, .pxi is generated from .pxi.in
 # VectorData
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+from pandas._libs.tslibs.util cimport get_c_string
+
 {{py:
 
 # name, dtype, arg
@@ -595,7 +597,7 @@ cdef class StringHashTable(HashTable):
         cdef:
             khiter_t k
             const char *v
-        v = util.get_c_string(val)
+        v = get_c_string(val)
 
         k = kh_get_str(self.table, v)
         if k != self.table.n_buckets:
@@ -609,7 +611,7 @@ cdef class StringHashTable(HashTable):
             int ret = 0
             const char *v
 
-        v = util.get_c_string(val)
+        v = get_c_string(val)
 
         k = kh_put_str(self.table, v, &ret)
         self.table.keys[k] = key
@@ -632,7 +634,7 @@ cdef class StringHashTable(HashTable):
         vecs = <const char **>malloc(n * sizeof(char *))
         for i in range(n):
             val = values[i]
-            v = util.get_c_string(val)
+            v = get_c_string(val)
             vecs[i] = v
 
         with nogil:
@@ -662,9 +664,9 @@ cdef class StringHashTable(HashTable):
             val = values[i]
 
             if isinstance(val, (str, unicode)):
-                v = util.get_c_string(val)
+                v = get_c_string(val)
             else:
-                v = util.get_c_string(self.na_string_sentinel)
+                v = get_c_string(self.na_string_sentinel)
             vecs[i] = v
 
         with nogil:
@@ -695,9 +697,9 @@ cdef class StringHashTable(HashTable):
             val = values[i]
 
             if isinstance(val, (str, unicode)):
-                v = util.get_c_string(val)
+                v = get_c_string(val)
             else:
-                v = util.get_c_string(self.na_string_sentinel)
+                v = get_c_string(self.na_string_sentinel)
             vecs[i] = v
 
         with nogil:
@@ -776,7 +778,7 @@ cdef class StringHashTable(HashTable):
                 labels[i] = na_sentinel
             else:
                 # if ignore_na is False, we also stringify NaN/None/etc.
-                v = util.get_c_string(val)
+                v = get_c_string(val)
                 vecs[i] = v
 
         # compute

pandas/_libs/tslibs/np_datetime.pyx

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-from cpython cimport (Py_EQ, Py_NE, Py_GE, Py_GT, Py_LT, Py_LE,
-                      PyUnicode_AsASCIIString)
+from cpython cimport Py_EQ, Py_NE, Py_GE, Py_GT, Py_LT, Py_LE
 
 from cpython.datetime cimport (datetime, date,
                                PyDateTime_IMPORT,
@@ -13,6 +12,7 @@ from cpython.datetime cimport (datetime, date,
 PyDateTime_IMPORT
 
 from numpy cimport int64_t
+from pandas._libs.tslibs.util cimport get_c_string_buf_and_size
 
 cdef extern from "src/datetime/np_datetime.h":
     int cmp_npy_datetimestruct(npy_datetimestruct *a,
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ cdef extern from "src/datetime/np_datetime.h":
     npy_datetimestruct _NS_MIN_DTS, _NS_MAX_DTS
 
 cdef extern from "src/datetime/np_datetime_strings.h":
-    int parse_iso_8601_datetime(char *str, int len,
+    int parse_iso_8601_datetime(const char *str, int len,
                                 npy_datetimestruct *out,
                                 int *out_local, int *out_tzoffset)
 
@@ -174,30 +174,9 @@ cdef inline int64_t pydate_to_dt64(date val, npy_datetimestruct *dts):
 cdef inline int _string_to_dts(object val, npy_datetimestruct* dts,
                                int* out_local, int* out_tzoffset) except? -1:
     cdef:
-        int result
-        char *tmp
+        Py_ssize_t length
+        const char* buf
 
-    if isinstance(val, unicode):
-        val = PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(val)
-
-    tmp = val
-    result = _cstring_to_dts(tmp, len(val), dts, out_local, out_tzoffset)
-
-    if result == -1:
-        raise ValueError('Unable to parse %s' % str(val))
-    return result
-
-
-cdef inline int _cstring_to_dts(char *val, int length,
-                                npy_datetimestruct* dts,
-                                int* out_local, int* out_tzoffset) except? -1:
-    # Note: without this "extra layer" between _string_to_dts
-    # and parse_iso_8601_datetime, calling _string_to_dts raises
-    # `SystemError: <class 'str'> returned a result with an error set`
-    # in Python3
-    cdef:
-        int result
-
-    result = parse_iso_8601_datetime(val, length,
-                                     dts, out_local, out_tzoffset)
-    return result
+    buf = get_c_string_buf_and_size(val, &length)
+    return parse_iso_8601_datetime(buf, length,
+                                   dts, out_local, out_tzoffset)

pandas/_libs/tslibs/src/datetime/np_datetime_strings.c

@@ -66,12 +66,13 @@ This file implements string parsing and creation for NumPy datetime.
  *
  * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
  */
-int parse_iso_8601_datetime(char *str, int len,
+int parse_iso_8601_datetime(const char *str, int len,
                             npy_datetimestruct *out,
                             int *out_local, int *out_tzoffset) {
     int year_leap = 0;
     int i, numdigits;
-    char *substr, sublen;
+    const char *substr;
+    int sublen;
 
     /* If year-month-day are separated by a valid separator,
      * months/days without leading zeroes will be parsed
@@ -586,7 +587,8 @@ int get_datetime_iso_8601_strlen(int local, NPY_DATETIMEUNIT base) {
  */
 int make_iso_8601_datetime(npy_datetimestruct *dts, char *outstr, int outlen,
                            NPY_DATETIMEUNIT base) {
-    char *substr = outstr, sublen = outlen;
+    char *substr = outstr;
+    int sublen = outlen;
     int tmplen;
 
     /*

pandas/_libs/tslibs/src/datetime/np_datetime_strings.h

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ This file implements string parsing and creation for NumPy datetime.
  * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
  */
 int
-parse_iso_8601_datetime(char *str, int len,
+parse_iso_8601_datetime(const char *str, int len,
                         npy_datetimestruct *out,
                         int *out_local,
                         int *out_tzoffset);

pandas/_libs/tslibs/util.pxd

@@ -24,6 +24,15 @@ cdef extern from "Python.h":
     bint PyComplex_Check(object obj) nogil
     bint PyObject_TypeCheck(object obj, PyTypeObject* type) nogil
 
+    # Note that following functions can potentially raise an exception,
+    # thus they cannot be declared 'nogil'. Also PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize() can
+    # potentially allocate memory inside in unlikely case of when underlying
+    # unicode object was stored as non-utf8 and utf8 wasn't requested before.
+    bint PyBytes_AsStringAndSize(object obj, char** buf,
+                                 Py_ssize_t* length) except -1
+    const char* PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(object obj,
+                                        Py_ssize_t* length) except NULL
+
 from numpy cimport int64_t
 
 cdef extern from "numpy/arrayobject.h":
@@ -227,3 +236,37 @@ cdef inline bint is_nan(object val):
     is_nan : bool
     """
     return (is_float_object(val) or is_complex_object(val)) and val != val
+
+
+cdef inline const char* get_c_string_buf_and_size(object py_string,
+                                                  Py_ssize_t *length):
+    """
+    Extract internal char* buffer of unicode or bytes object `py_string` with
+    getting length of this internal buffer saved in `length`.
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    Python object owns memory, thus returned char* must not be freed.
+    `length` can be NULL if getting buffer length is not needed.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    py_string : object
+    length : Py_ssize_t*
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    buf : const char*
+    """
+    cdef:
+        const char *buf
+
+    if PyUnicode_Check(py_string):
+        buf = PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(py_string, length)
+    else:
+        PyBytes_AsStringAndSize(py_string, <char**>&buf, length)
+    return buf
+
+
+cdef inline const char* get_c_string(object py_string):
+    return get_c_string_buf_and_size(py_string, NULL)

pandas/_libs/util.pxd

@@ -15,21 +15,6 @@ cdef extern from "numpy/arrayobject.h":
         NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS
 
 
-cdef extern from *:
-    """
-    // returns ASCII or UTF8 (py3) view on python str
-    // python object owns memory, should not be freed
-    static const char* get_c_string(PyObject* obj) {
-    #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x03000000
-        return PyUnicode_AsUTF8(obj);
-    #else
-        return PyString_AsString(obj);
-    #endif
-    }
-    """
-    const char *get_c_string(object) except NULL
-
-
 cdef extern from "src/headers/stdint.h":
     enum: UINT8_MAX
     enum: UINT16_MAX

pandas/tests/tslibs/test_parse_iso8601.py

@@ -60,3 +60,10 @@ def test_parsers_iso8601_invalid_offset_invalid():
 
     with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
         tslib._test_parse_iso8601(date_str)
+
+
+def test_parsers_iso8601_leading_space():
+    # GH#25895 make sure isoparser doesn't overflow with long input
+    date_str, expected = ("2013-1-1 5:30:00", datetime(2013, 1, 1, 5, 30))
+    actual = tslib._test_parse_iso8601(' ' * 200 + date_str)
+    assert actual == expected