Rollup merge of rust-lang#41981 - gamazeps:thread-detach, r=frewsxcv

[Doc] Expands `detach` documentation in `thread::JoinHande`.

Part of rust-lang#29378 .

- Adds an example of a thread detaching.
- Expands what `detaching` means.

r? @steveklabnik

Author: Mark-Simulacrum

src/libstd/thread/mod.rs

@@ -1094,11 +1094,12 @@ impl<T> JoinInner<T> {
 
 /// An owned permission to join on a thread (block on its termination).
 ///
-/// A `JoinHandle` *detaches* the child thread when it is dropped.
+/// A `JoinHandle` *detaches* the associated thread when it is dropped, which
+/// means that there is no longer any handle to thread and no way to `join`
+/// on it.
 ///
 /// Due to platform restrictions, it is not possible to [`Clone`] this
-/// handle: the ability to join a child thread is a uniquely-owned
-/// permission.
+/// handle: the ability to join a thread is a uniquely-owned permission.
 ///
 /// This `struct` is created by the [`thread::spawn`] function and the
 /// [`thread::Builder::spawn`] method.
@@ -1127,6 +1128,30 @@ impl<T> JoinInner<T> {
 /// }).unwrap();
 /// ```
 ///
+/// Child being detached and outliving its parent:
+///
+/// ```no_run
+/// use std::thread;
+/// use std::time::Duration;
+///
+/// let original_thread = thread::spawn(|| {
+///     let _detached_thread = thread::spawn(|| {
+///         // Here we sleep to make sure that the first thread returns before.
+///         thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));
+///         // This will be called, even though the JoinHandle is dropped.
+///         println!("♫ Still alive ♫");
+///     });
+/// });
+///
+/// let _ = original_thread.join();
+/// println!("Original thread is joined.");
+///
+/// // We make sure that the new thread has time to run, before the main
+/// // thread returns.
+///
+/// thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(1000));
+/// ```
+///
 /// [`Clone`]: ../../std/clone/trait.Clone.html
 /// [`thread::spawn`]: fn.spawn.html
 /// [`thread::Builder::spawn`]: struct.Builder.html#method.spawn